Journal of Reproduction & Infertility

Journal of Reproduction & Infertility

Body Mass Index (BMI) and Glucose Intolerance during Pregnancy in White European Women

Authors
Nadine Farah
Aoife McGoldrick
Chro Fattah
Norah O’Connor
Mairead M Kennelly
Michael Turner
University College Dublin Centre for Human Reproduction, Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
Abstract
Background: The risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in accordance to Body Mass Index (BMI) is often based on studies where the calculation of BMI is frequently self-reported and is usually unreliable. We evaluated the risk of an abnormal oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in a population where BMI was measured and selective screening for GDM was practiced. Methods: We carried out a prospective observational study where 1935 white European women with a singleton pregnancy were recruited. In the first trimester maternal height and weight were measured digitally. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 15.0. BMI centiles were calculated from the study population. A Chi-square test was used to test the differences in categorical variables between the groups. A p-value
Keywords
Body mass index
Gestational diabetes mellitus
glucose intolerance
Maternal obesity
  1. Torloni MR, Betrán AP, Horta BL, Nakamura MU, Atallah AN, Moron AF, et al. Prepregnancy BMI and the risk of gestational diabetes: a systematic review of the literature with meta-analysis. Obes Rev. 2009;10(2):194-203.
  2. Griffin ME, Coffey M, Johnson H, Scanlon P, Foley M, Stronge J, et al. Universal vs. risk factor-based screening for gestational diabetes mellitus: detection rates, gestation at diagnosis and outcome. Diabet Med. 2000;17(1):26-32.
  3. Hollander MH, Paarlberg KM, Huisjes AJ. Gestational diabetes: a review of the current literature and guidelines. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2007;62(2):125-36.
  4. Reece EA, Leguizamón G, Wiznitzer A. Gestational diabetes: the need for a common ground. Lancet. 2009;373(9677):1789-97.
  5. Berger H, Crane J, Farine D, Armson A, De La Ronde S, Keenan-Lindsay L, et al. Screening for gestational diabetes mellitus. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2002;24(11):894-912.
  6. Mires GJ, Williams FL, Harper V. Screening practices for gestational diabetes mellitus in UK obstetric units. Diabet Med. 1999;16(2):138-41.
  7. Sathyapalan T, Mellor D, Atkin SL. Obesity and gestational diabetes. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 2010;15(2):89-93.
  8. Solomon CG, Willett WC, Carey VJ, Rich-Edwards J, Hunter DJ, Colditz GA, et al. A prospective study of pregravid determinants of gestational diabetes mellitus. JAMA. 1997;278(13):1078-83.
  9. Chu SY, Callaghan WM, Kim SY, Schmid CH, Lau J, England LJ, et al. Maternal obesity and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2007; 30(8):2070-6.
  10. Walker JD. NICE guidance on diabetes in pregnancy: management of diabetes and its complications from preconception to the postnatal period. NICE clinical guideline 63. London, March 2008. Diabet Med. 2008;25(9):1025-7.
  11. Niedhammer I, Bugel I, Bonenfant S, Goldberg M, Leclerc A. Validity of self-reported weight and height in the French GAZEL cohort. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2000;24(9):1111-8.
  12. Gorber SC, Tremblay M, Moher D, Gorber B. A comparison of direct vs. self-report measures for assessing height, weight and body mass index: a systematic review. Obes Rev. 2007;8(4):307-26.
  13. Shields M, Connor Gorber S, Tremblay MS. Associations between obesity and morbidity: effects of measurement methods. Obes Rev. 2008;9(5):501-2.
  14. Fattah C, Farah N, O'Toole F, Barry S, Stuart B, Turner MJ. Body Mass Index (BMI) in women booking for antenatal care: comparison between selfreported and digital measurements. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2009;144(1):32-4.
  15. American Diabetes Association. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2012;35 Suppl 1:S64-71.
  16. Davey RX, Hamblin PS. Selective versus universal screening for gestational diabetes mellitus: an evaluation of predictive risk factors. Med J Aust. 2001;174(3):118-21.
  17. de Sereday MS, Damiano MM, González CD, Bennett PH. Diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes in relation to pregnancy outcome. J Diabetes Complications. 2003;17(3):115-9.
  18. Chiolero A, Peytremann-Bridevaux I, Paccaud F. Biased associations with obesity using self-reported body mass index. Obes Rev. 2008;9:503.
  19. Yannakoulia M, Panagiotakos DB, Pitsavos C, Stefanadis C. Correlates of BMI misreporting among apparently healthy individuals: the ATTICA study. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2006;14(5):894-901.
  20. Fattah C, O’Connor N, Farah N, Kennelly MM, Stuart B, Turner MJ. Normal body composition values in the first trimester of pregnancy. Int J Body Compos Res. 2010;8(2):37-40.
Journal of Reproduction & Infertility
Volume 13, Issue 2
Spring 2012
Pages 95-99