Journal of Reproduction & Infertility

Journal of Reproduction & Infertility

Comparison of Obstetric Outcomes Between IVF cycles with Donor Oocyte and Spontaneous Conception Pregnancies: A Retrospective Cohort study

Authors
Yadav Vikas 1
Malhotra Neena 2
Mahey Reeta 2
Singh Neeta 2
Kriplani Alka 2
1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda Hospital, Sharda University Campus, Uttar Pradesh, India
2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
10.18502/jri.v23i2.8994
Abstract
Background: Oocyte donation has facilitated couples to achieve pregnancy in conditions like diminished ovarian reserve, premature ovarian failure, and inheritable disorders. However, it is unclear whether pregnancy complications are due to oocyte donation per se or due to confounding factors such as maternal age or the allogenic fetus. In this retrospective comparative cohort, an attempt was made to evaluate and compare multiple obstetric and perinatal outcomes. Methods: The present study comprised all women in the age range of 20-45 years who conceived from oocyte donation (n=102) between 1/12/2011 to 30/09/2017. Control group consisted of spontaneous conception cases (n=306) in ratio of 1:3 with no previous medical or surgery comorbidity. Obstetric and perinatal outcomes were compared between two groups. Results: Mean maternal age was significantly higher in the donor oocyte IVF group (group 1; 35.13 years) as compared to spontaneous conception group (group 2; 31.75 years). Parity between the two groups was comparable. Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) was seen in 33.33% of cases in group 1 as compared to 7.18% in group 2. Moreover, gestational diabetes mellitus was seen in 34.31% of cases in group 1 as compared to 9.47% in group 2 (p=0.001). By the same token, there was significant difference in perinatal outcomes between the two groups. Conclusion: Oocyte donation should be treated as an independent risk factor for miscarriage, hypertensive disorder, and gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnancy.
Keywords
Bleeding in first trimester
Gestational diabetes mellitus
Oocyte Donation
pregnancy induced hypertension
  1. Remohi J, Gartner B, Gallardo E, Yalil S, Smon C, Pellicer A. Pregnancy and birth rate after oocyte donation. Fertil Steril. 1997;67(4):717-23.
  2. Inhorn MC. Where has the quest for conception taken us? lessons from anthropology and sociology. Reprod Biomed Soc Online. 2020;10:46-57.
  3. Lutjen P, Trounson A, Leeton J, Findlay J, Wood C, Renou P. The establishment and maintenance of pregnancy using in vitro fertilization and embryo donation in a patient with primary ovarian failure. Nature. 1984;307(5974):174-5.
  4. Kavic SM, Sauer MV. Oocyte donation treats in-fertility in survivors of malignancies: ten-year ex-perience. J Assist Reprod Genet. 2001;18(3):181-3.
  5. Michalas S, Loutradis D, Drakakis P, Milingos S, Papageorgiou J, Kallianidis K, et al. Oocyte dona-tion to women over 40 years of age: pregnancy com-plications. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1996; 64(2):175-8.
  6. Simchen MJ, Yinon Y, Moran O, Schiff E, Sivan E. Pregnancy outcome after age 50. Obstet Gynecol. 2006;108(5):1084-8.
  7. Serhal PF, Craft IL. Oocyte donation in 61 patients. Lancet. 1989:1(8648):1185-7.
  8. Blanchette H. Obstetric performance of patients after oocyte donation. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1993; 168(6 Pt 1):1803-7.
  9. Abdalla HI, Billett A, Kan AK, Baig S, Wren M, Korea L, et al. Obstetric outcome in 232 ovum do-nation pregnancies. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1998;105 (3):332-7.
  10. Soderstrom-Anttila V, Foudila T, Hovatta O. A randomized comparative study of highly purified follicle stimulating hormone and human meno-pausal gonadotrophin for ovarian hyperstimulation in an oocyte donation programme. Hum Reprod. 1996;11(9):1864-70.
  11. Klatsky PC, Delaney SS, Caughey AB, Tran ND, Schattman GL, Rosenwaks Z. The role of embry-onic origin in preeclampsia: a comparison of auto-logous in vitro fertilization and ovum donor preg-nancies. Obstet Gynecol. 2010;116(6):1387-92.
  12. Levron Y, Dviri M, Segol I, Yerushalmi GM, Hou-rvitz A, Orvieto R, et al. The ‘immunologic theory’ of preeclampsia revisited: a lesson from donor oocyte gestations. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2014;211 (4):383.e1-5.
  13. Salha O, Sharma V, Dada T, Nugent D, Rutherford AJ, et al. The influence of donated gametes on the incidence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Hum Reprod. 1999;14(9):268-73.
  14. Sheffer-Mimouni G, Mashiach S, Dor J, Levran D, Seidman DS. Factors influencing the obstetric and perinatal outcome after oocyte donation. Hum Re-prod. 2002;17(10):2636-40.
  15. Toner JP, Grainger DA, Frazier LM. Clinical out-comes among recipients of donated eggs: an ana-lysis of the U.S. national experience, 1996-1998. Fertil Steril. 2002;78(8):1038-45.
  16. Wiggins DA, Main E. Outcomes of pregnancies achieved by donor egg in vitro fertilization-a com-parison with standard in vitro fertilization preg-nancies. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2005;192(6):2002-6.
  17. Malhotra J, Malhotra K, Talwar P, Kannan P, Singh P, Kumar Y, et al. ISAR consensus guide-lines on safety and ethical practices in In vitro fer-tilization clinics. J Hum Reprod Sci. 2021;14 (Suppl 1):S48-S68.
  18. Paulson RJ, Boostanfar R, Saadat P, Mor E, Tourgeman DE, Slater CC, et al. Pregnancy in the sixth decade of life: obstetric outcomes in women of advanced reproductive age. JAMA. 2002;288 (18):2320-3.
  19. Soderstrom-Anttila V, Foudila TA, Hovatta O. Ob-stetric and perinatal outcome after oocyte donation: comparison with in-vitro fertilization pregnancies. Hum Reprod. 1998;13(2):483-90.
  20. Pados G, Camus M, Van Steirteghem A, Bonduelle M, Devroey P. The evolution and outcome of preg-nancies from oocyte donation. Hum Reprod. 1994; 9(3):538-42
  21. Hipp HS, Gaskins AJ, Nagy ZP, Capelouto SM, Shapiro DB, Spencer JB. Effect of oocyte donor stimulation on recipient outcomes: data from a US national donor oocyte bank. Hum Reprod. 2020;35 (4):847-58.
  22. Krieg SA, Henne MB, Westphal LM. Obstetric outcomes in donor oocyte pregnancies compared with advanced maternal age in in vitro fertilization pregnancies. Fertil Steril. 2008;90(1):65-70.
  23. Malchau SS, Loft A, Larsen EC, Aaris Henningsen AK, Rasmussen S, Andersen AN, et al. Perinatal outcomes in 375 children born after oocyte dona-tion: a Danish national cohort study. Fertil Steril. 2013;99(6):1637-43.
  24. Laskov I, Birnbaum R, Maslovitz S, Kupfer-min-cM, Lessing J, Many A. Outcome of singleton pregnancy in women ≥45 years old: a retrospective cohort study. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2012; 25(11):2190-3.
  25. Le Ray C, Scherier S, Anselem O, Marszalek A, Tsatsaris V, Cabrol D, et al. Association between oocyte donation and maternal and perinatal out-comes in women aged 43 years or older. Hum Re-prod. 2012;27(3):896-901.
  26. Tranquilli AL, Biondini V, Talebi Chahvah S, Cor-radetti A, Tranquilli D, Giannubilo S,et al. Per-inatal outcomes in oocyte donor pregnancies. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2013;26(13):1263-7.
  27. Taglauer ES, Gundogan F, Johnson KL, Scherjon SA, Bianchi DW. Chorionic plate expression pat-terns of the maspin tumor suppressor protein in preeclamptic and egg donor placentas. Placenta. 2013;34(4):385-7.
  28. Li DK, Wi S. Changing paternity and the risk of preeclampsia/eclampsia in the subsequent preg-nancy. Am J Epidemiol. 2000;151(1):57-62.
  29. van der Hoorn ML, Scherjon SA, Claas FH. Egg donation pregnancy as an immunological model for solid organ transplantation. Transpl Immunol. 2011;25(2-3):89-95.
  30. Gundogan F, Bianchi DW, Scherjon SA, Roberts DJ. Placental pathology in egg donor pregnancies. Fertil Steril. 2010;93(2):397-404
  31. Karnis MF, Zimon AE, Lalwani SI, Timmreck LS, Klipstein S, Reindollar RH. Risk of death in pregnancy achieved through oocyte donation in patients with Turner syndrome: a national survey. Fertil Steril. 2003;80(3):498-501.
  32. Moreno-Sepulveda J, Checa MA. Risk of adverse perinatal outcomes after oocyte donation: a sys-tematic review and meta-analysis. J Assist Reprod Genet. 2019;36(10):2017-37.
  33. Braat DD, Schutte JM, Bernardus RE, Mooij TM, van Leeuwen FE. Maternal death related to IVF in the Netherlands 1984-2008. Hum Reprod. 2010;25 (7):1782-6.
Journal of Reproduction & Infertility
Volume 23, Issue 2
Spring 2022
Pages 100-106