Journal of Reproduction & Infertility

Journal of Reproduction & Infertility

The Influence of Artificial Light Exposure on Indigenous Populations: Exploring Its Impact on Menarcheal Age and Reproductive Function

Authors
Mayowa Adeniyi 1
Ayoola Awosika 2
Chika Idaguko 3
Ehitare Ekhoye 3
1 Department of Physiology, Federal University of Health Sciences, Otukpo, Nigeria
2 College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, USA
3 Departments of Anatomy and Physiology, Edo State University Uzairue, Auchi, Nigeria
10.18502/jri.v25i3.17011
Abstract
The impact of artificial light exposure on human health has garnered significant attention in recent years. In particular, its effects on reproductive health have raised concerns. Given that the onset of menarche serves as a crucial indicator of reproductive maturity, understanding the implications of artificial light exposure becomes paramount. Age of menarche onset occurs relatively earlier in urban females than females raised in rural areas. Besides the decline in age of menarche onset, exposure to artificial light may contribute to impairment in reproductive hormones, particularly gonadotropins, by disrupting rhythms of reproductive hormones, modulating stress hormones and kisspeptin productions, and causing body weight changes. This drastic environmentally induced change may increase the proportion of teenage pregnancies, unfulfilled childhood dreams, depression, and ill-prepared marriages, thus creating a potential need for public health intervention. Due to limited studies and often lack of longitudinal data, a significant knowledge gap exists in unraveling the potential mechanism involved in alteration of these physiologic processes. The purpose of the current review was to elucidate the intricate interplay between environmental factors, cultural practices, and biological processes within indigenous communities. By meticulously examining the multifaceted influences of artificial light, including its prevalence and varying intensity based on geographical locations and light pollution levels, this study aimed to provide scholarly insights into the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying the observed changes. The findings of this inquiry will also inform evidence-based strategies and interventions aimed at safeguarding the reproductive well-being of indigenous populations amidst the escalating challenges posed by artificial light exposure.
Keywords
Artificial night lighting
circadian rhythm
Community health
Hormones
menarche
Reproductive Health
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Journal of Reproduction & Infertility
Volume 25, Issue 3
Summer 2024
Pages 171-183